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BRC-20致比特币网络更贵更堵 RGB 和闪电网络迎来第二春

明明 2023-05-17 0

近日,由于ordi代币的财富效应,吸引了一大批用户涌入比特币网络交易BRC-20代币,导致比特币链上拥堵严重、Gas费激增。5月7日,币安因提币交易庞大、手续费激增,一天内两次暂停比特币提取;5月8日,比特币网络因拥堵停止出块1小时,链上每笔交易Gas费最高曾冲至30美元。

截至5月10日,根据BTC.com显示,比特币未确认交易达到30万笔。Mempool网站显示,比特币网络链上交易每笔Gas费约为282聪,折合11美元。

解决比特币链上拥堵、降低Gas费已成为已成为链上参与交易用户的共识。

关于比特币扩容的讨论声也越来越多,其中致力于为比特币提供智能合约功能支持的RGB协议、专注于降低比特币交易费用的闪电网络也再次被用户被寄予了厚望,希望它们能有新进展,尽快解决比特币当前的困境。

其实,除了RGB、闪电网络外,还有专注于通过侧链形式来扩容比特币生态的区块链网络。那么,比特币的RGB、闪电网络、侧链扩容方式究竟有何不同?有哪些代表应用?用户该如何参与?

闪电网络致力于降低比特币交易Gas费、提高吞吐量

比特币之所以拥堵,是因为其主网TPS每秒只能进行7笔交易,像第三方支付平台如支付宝每秒处理的交易笔数高达10万笔左右。且比特币的区块大小为1MB(包含的交易数量),矿工根据用户提交交易时的Gas高低来进行排序打包。这时用户为了让自己提交的交易尽快打包出块,就需要提高支付Gas费来获得矿工打包优先权。这也就是为什么BRC-20热潮下,链上交易用户越多,比特币Gas费越贵的原因。

链上数据BitinfoCharts显示,5月份开始,比特币链上每笔平均交易费用开始出现大幅增长,从最初的2U一路上涨现在为20U,中间曾最高冲至30U。

BRC-20致比特币网络更贵更堵 RGB 和闪电网络迎来第二春

BTC链上Gas费

按照以往历史的扩容方式有两种,一种是增大区块容量大小,所谓的大区块,使其包含更多的交易,Bitcoin Cash(BCH)采用的这种扩容方式,但是这种方式出块时间依然不变,会增大节点运营压力。另一种是不改变比特币的相关内容,通过链下扩容的方式,将比特币小额交易支付转移或者相关数据转移到链下,主网仅进行关键性交易。闪电网络(Lightning Network)采用的就是链下这种方式。

闪电网络也被称为是比特币的Layer2解决方案,主要应用在比特币的支付场景中,闪电网络能够帮助用户节省成本,提升效率。核心思路是将用户交易环节放在链下进行,只有最终的交易结果才在比特币主网链上确认,从而提高比特币网络的交易效率,让用户能够以更低的成本、更快的速度完成支付。

其工作原理是:当一个用户向另一位用户发起交易,首先,闪电网络在两方之间开启一个链下的支付通道,本质上就是待交易双方共持的记账本,用于保存交易记录。然后,交易双方在通道中锁入一定数量的资金,通过私钥进行签署交易。双方之间的小额资金转移无需在链上进行,而是只保存在彼此的账本上,当其中一方或双方决定不再需要该通道的时候,即关闭通道时,二者之间的最终结算余额再在比特币主网上广播。

例如,A与B想要进行BTC交易,需要先建立一个通道,双方在比特币主网上锁定一定数量的比特币,通道就此打开,二者可以使用它即时发送BTC,转账费用几乎为零,且无需将每笔交易广播到比特币主网,当任何一方关闭通道时,双方清算交易账户最终资产数额,公布到比特币主网上。

由此来看,通道是把多个微支付整合为一笔,广播给底层比特币网络,提升了交易效率。



免责声明:所提供的信息不是交易建议,www.hao76.com对根据本页提供的信息进行的任何投资不承担任何责任。本文内容仅供参考,风险自担!



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    13.604494
    $1.863936
    +0.42%
  • FET
    FET
    9.240281
    $1.266000
    +0.22%
  • AGIX
    AGIX
    4.482193
    $0.614100
    -0.54%
  • OSMO
    OSMO
    3.145053
    $0.430900
    -1.14%
  • BONK
    BONK
    0.000231
    $0.000032
    +2.18%
  • ROSE
    ROSE
    0.592736
    $0.081210
    +2.10%
  • AXL
    AXL
    5.470451
    $0.749500
    +1.22%
  • AVAV
    AVAV
    0.000000
    $0.000000
    +0.00%
  • ALT
    ALT
    0.839873
    $0.115070
    -0.21%
  • PIXEL
    PIXEL
    1.153940
    $0.158100
    +0.55%
  • JUP
    JUP
    5.964579
    $0.817200
    +28.81%
  • JTO
    JTO
    21.451173
    $2.939000
    -0.26%
  • MANTA
    MANTA
    6.313462
    $0.865000
    +1.77%
  • XAI
    XAI
    1.666316
    $0.228300
    -0.54%
  • PORTAL
    PORTAL
    2.208617
    $0.302600
    +1.01%
  • WLD
    WLD
    15.955177
    $2.186000
    -0.70%
  • ARKM
    ARKM
    10.568662
    $1.448000
    +0.31%
  • PENDLE
    PENDLE
    36.187450
    $4.958000
    -0.47%
  • LOKA
    LOKA
    1.497714
    $0.205200
    -2.25%
  • SUI
    SUI
    31.076101
    $4.257700
    -4.01%
  • MAV
    MAV
    1.424726
    $0.195200
    +1.19%
  • APT
    APT
    66.346092
    $9.090000
    -3.30%
  • RDNT
    RDNT
    0.416032
    $0.057000
    +2.02%
  • HFT
    HFT
    1.456840
    $0.199600
    -0.45%
  • GAL
    GAL
    18.553550
    $2.542000
    +6.60%
  • ANC
    ANC
    0.229985
    $0.031510
    +2.53%
  • HIGH
    HIGH
    10.568662
    $1.448000
    +1.78%
  • MC
    MC
    3.547947
    $0.486100
    -0.89%
  • PEPE
    PEPE
    0.000129
    $0.000018
    +2.09%
  • BICO
    BICO
    2.025417
    $0.277500
    +0.52%
  • BB
    BB
    2.655303
    $0.363800
    +2.48%
  • TRB
    TRB
    440.117640
    $60.300000
    +1.51%
  • AEVO
    AEVO
    2.587425
    $0.354500
    -0.02%
  • PONKE
    PONKE
    2.504772
    $0.343176
    +2.56%
  • TON
    TON
    39.464612
    $5.407000
    +1.77%
  • IOTA
    IOTA
    2.146577
    $0.294100
    +0.00%

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