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什么是储备证明?它又为何重要?

明明 2023-05-17 15

在FTX崩溃之后,储备证明一直是一个热门话题。投资者要求交易所提供其加密货币持有量的证明。

但它们究竟是什么,又为何重要呢?

储备证明即Proof of Reserves(PoR),用来验证用户的加密资产是否完全保留在交易平台/加密公司。

储备证明是一种由第三方进行的独立审计,企业通常会委托专门的机构来进行认证。第三方最后会公布结果,并对存在的问题进行警告(下文将详细说明),以帮助投资者了解中心化交易所的财务状况,以及他们是否有足够的资金来匹配客户存款。

自FTX出事以来,第三方机构已经执行了大量不同类型的证明,以下列举重要的几种进行说明。

基于默克尔树的储备证明

有一种执行认证的方法是利用PoR协议——该协议使用默克尔树(默克尔树:Merkle Tee,又称杂凑树或是哈希树,是在密码学及电脑科学中常用的一种树形资料结构)证明将大量数据集成到单个散列中,并验证数据集的完整性。

什么是储备证明?它又为何重要?

通过加密证明,PoR协议验证用户余额和交易的有效性。

加密交易所可以定期发布基于默克尔树的PoR认证,包括以快照的形式进行每周、每月或每季度的发布。又或者,公司可以在官方网站上提供实时认证。

虽然快照可能足以证明一个加密公司在某一时间点的偿付能力,但在验证交易所的储备时,实时证明显然才是最有效的,因为它们能够让任何人在任意时刻确认资金的提供者是否为交易所。

Chainlink启动储备证明协议

去中心化预言机提供商Chainlink Labs已推出自己的储备证明系统,公司表示,该系统“旨在帮助Web2和Web3项目通过自动验证来证明资产储备。”

Chainlink储备证明系统于2020年推出,第一个使用者是TrueUSD稳定币,它将Chainlink节点连接到交易所的API、金库地址,以及一个储备证明智能合约上,用户可以进行查询以确定交易所的加密储备是否等于其负债。

其与区块链无关的系统提供所有在特定协议上存入、借入和质押的数据。

Chainlink的系统还可以为交易所提供安全保障,以保证交易平台不会发行多于储备资产的代币。

哪些交易所有储备证明?

一些交易所和加密借贷平台(如Kraken、Nexo、BitMEX和Gate.io),在FTX内爆之前就已经着手推出各自的储备证明。

但更多的交易平台是在11月事件的外力推动下才意识到公布储备证明的重要性(具体情况取决于交易所)。

其中包括全球最大的加密交易所Binance。11月10日,在放弃收购FTX之后,Binance率先公开了自己的储备地址。它发布了一个基于默克尔树的比特币和以太坊系统,OKX、Crypto.com和ByBit也采取了类似的方法。

而Coinbase则表示,其作为一家上市公司,已经用SEC的审计文件证明了自己的储备。

11月25日,这家总部位于旧金山的数字货币交易平台指出,“链上核算是未来”,并称其正在探索“通过加密原生方法来证明储备的各种新途径”。

Coinbase最近推出了50万美元的开发者资助计划。这些赠款旨在激励“在链上核算、与资产或负债证明相关的隐私保护(包括零知识技术的应用)等方面取得进展和突破的”个人或团队。



免责声明:所提供的信息不是交易建议,www.hao76.com对根据本页提供的信息进行的任何投资不承担任何责任。本文内容仅供参考,风险自担!



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    0.844949
    $0.116580
    +2.99%
  • PIXEL
    PIXEL
    1.472028
    $0.203100
    +5.32%
  • JUP
    JUP
    8.213932
    $1.133300
    +38.24%
  • JTO
    JTO
    26.606674
    $3.671000
    +8.40%
  • MANTA
    MANTA
    6.537516
    $0.902000
    +7.21%
  • XAI
    XAI
    1.915594
    $0.264300
    +8.84%
  • PORTAL
    PORTAL
    2.362058
    $0.325900
    +6.92%
  • WLD
    WLD
    16.604710
    $2.291000
    +4.05%
  • ARKM
    ARKM
    15.271115
    $2.107000
    +1.27%
  • PENDLE
    PENDLE
    37.492869
    $5.173000
    +0.12%
  • LOKA
    LOKA
    1.487973
    $0.205300
    +5.13%
  • SUI
    SUI
    25.544146
    $3.524400
    -0.49%
  • MAV
    MAV
    1.456808
    $0.201000
    +6.15%
  • APT
    APT
    90.669978
    $12.510000
    +3.98%
  • RDNT
    RDNT
    0.454437
    $0.062700
    +3.74%
  • HFT
    HFT
    1.484349
    $0.204800
    +2.39%
  • GAL
    GAL
    18.423908
    $2.542000
    +1.75%
  • ANC
    ANC
    0.228378
    $0.031510
    -12.32%
  • HIGH
    HIGH
    10.589036
    $1.461000
    +3.93%
  • MC
    MC
    3.523156
    $0.486100
    -4.79%
  • PEPE
    PEPE
    0.000149
    $0.000021
    +2.12%
  • BICO
    BICO
    2.107660
    $0.290800
    +3.45%
  • BB
    BB
    2.255515
    $0.311200
    +2.28%
  • TRB
    TRB
    514.521322
    $70.990000
    +4.99%
  • AEVO
    AEVO
    2.686035
    $0.370600
    +5.20%
  • PONKE
    PONKE
    4.487890
    $0.619207
    -4.71%
  • TON
    TON
    40.203547
    $5.547000
    +1.04%
  • IOTA
    IOTA
    1.527111
    $0.210700
    +0.00%

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