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比特币下跌冲击萨尔瓦多经济

明明 2023-05-10 6

参考消息网11月19日报道据西班牙《国家报》网站11月13日报道,比特币大跌对萨尔瓦多造成“致命打击”。

最近一段时间是加密货币的一个重要历史节点。在新冠疫情期间,这些数字资产的价格飙升至极高水平,令人印象深刻,但今年几乎跌去了所有收益。比特币是加密货币中最受欢迎的,因为它被认为是最可靠的。但是,比特币价格近期下跌21%,跌至两年来的新低。这牵动着全球无数投资者的心,但对650万萨尔瓦多人影响尤甚,因为该国总统将国库资金的一部分投资于加密货币。

引发比特币暴跌的正是最大加密货币交易平台之一FTX的破产。但这只是最近一次下跌的原因。自去年底以来,受全球金融环境收紧影响,比特币一直呈下跌趋势。时间并没有站在萨尔瓦多总统纳伊布·布克尔的一边。2021年9月,他宣布将比特币定为法定货币,并将部分公共资金投资于该资产。自布克尔去年9月购入第一批比特币以来,它们的价格已经下跌67%。

中美洲财政研究所经济学家里卡多·卡斯塔涅达说,目前还不清楚布克尔在比特币上究竟投资了多少,但从他在社交网络上发布的消息来看,估计到目前为止损失了约7000万美元的公共资金。

这位经济学家说:“这对像萨尔瓦多这样的国家来说是个非常高昂的机会成本,因为在一个半数人口的粮食安全得不到保障的国家,这笔资金几乎是农业部的全部预算。”

比特币下跌冲击萨尔瓦多经济

根据世界银行的数据,这个中美洲国家的贫困率为26%。

卡斯塔涅达说,在这个美元化的国家,布克尔为了让人们在日常生活中使用比特币费了很多功夫,但这些努力并没有得到回报,因为民众内部存在强烈的不信任感。政府就连侨汇领域存在的巨大机会都没能抓住:根据萨尔瓦多中央银行的数据,只有2%的汇款走的是比特币渠道。

卡斯塔涅达指出:“这周的损失几乎是对萨尔瓦多大规模使用加密货币的可能性的致命打击。人们已经切身体会到缺乏透明度导致的大幅波动和问题。”

如果说萨尔瓦多人不知道他们缴纳的税款有多少被用于购买比特币,那是因为政府从未将购买行为透明化。金融分析师根据布克尔在推特上发布的消息进行了研究。2021年12月,当比特币快速下跌时,布克尔宣布该国已经“逢低买入”。今年5月,在比特币再次大幅下跌时,他又说了同样的话。但本周,布克尔保持了沉默。

在11月6日发表在数字刊物《比特币杂志》上的一篇文章中,布克尔抨击了批评他的人,并声称该国遭受损失的说法“是错误的”,因为比特币并未被卖出。布克尔写道:“我要对那些不理解的人说的是,真正的问题并非其他国家是否会采用比特币,而是它们何时会这样做。我们处于这种范式转变的早期阶段,所以正常的行为也会招致争议;许多人对此鼓掌欢迎,但更多的是诋毁诽谤的人。”

但萨尔瓦多的时间不多了。布克尔政府有一笔6.67亿美元的国际债务将于明年1月到期。有分析师称,这个中美洲国家可能会违约。今年早些时候,布克尔向国际货币基金组织寻求融资,但该多边组织拒绝了他,并要求他的政府重新考虑将比特币作为法定货币的做法是否正确。

卡斯塔涅达指出:“我从中看出一个悖论。萨尔瓦多是世界上第一个将比特币作为法定货币的国家,但很可能也是民众最不想用比特币的国家。”



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    BONK
    0.000231
    $0.000032
    -4.47%
  • ROSE
    ROSE
    0.595515
    $0.081640
    -6.04%
  • AXL
    AXL
    5.525508
    $0.757500
    -3.48%
  • AVAV
    AVAV
    0.000000
    $0.000000
    +0.00%
  • ALT
    ALT
    0.859645
    $0.117850
    -7.81%
  • PIXEL
    PIXEL
    1.167104
    $0.160000
    -8.32%
  • JUP
    JUP
    6.131673
    $0.840600
    -11.99%
  • JTO
    JTO
    22.116621
    $3.032000
    -2.60%
  • MANTA
    MANTA
    6.324245
    $0.867000
    -7.05%
  • XAI
    XAI
    1.703972
    $0.233600
    -8.03%
  • PORTAL
    PORTAL
    2.251052
    $0.308600
    -8.81%
  • WLD
    WLD
    16.616643
    $2.278000
    -3.85%
  • ARKM
    ARKM
    10.664413
    $1.462000
    -6.45%
  • PENDLE
    PENDLE
    36.989902
    $5.071000
    -5.62%
  • LOKA
    LOKA
    1.543495
    $0.211600
    -9.82%
  • SUI
    SUI
    32.728514
    $4.486800
    -5.58%
  • MAV
    MAV
    1.418761
    $0.194500
    -8.57%
  • APT
    APT
    69.442688
    $9.520000
    -10.05%
  • RDNT
    RDNT
    0.415781
    $0.057000
    -7.44%
  • HFT
    HFT
    1.470551
    $0.201600
    -8.91%
  • GAL
    GAL
    18.542365
    $2.542000
    +3.00%
  • ANC
    ANC
    0.229847
    $0.031510
    -11.44%
  • HIGH
    HIGH
    10.598763
    $1.453000
    -6.90%
  • MC
    MC
    3.545808
    $0.486100
    -6.99%
  • PEPE
    PEPE
    0.000131
    $0.000018
    -4.62%
  • BICO
    BICO
    2.037326
    $0.279300
    -6.69%
  • BB
    BB
    2.647138
    $0.362900
    -8.34%
  • TRB
    TRB
    441.967696
    $60.590000
    -3.72%
  • AEVO
    AEVO
    2.637655
    $0.361600
    -8.52%
  • PONKE
    PONKE
    2.651554
    $0.363505
    -1.52%
  • TON
    TON
    39.499176
    $5.415000
    -1.67%
  • IOTA
    IOTA
    2.140177
    $0.293400
    +0.00%

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