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Ordinal 和比特币NFT的兴起以及BTC区块空间非货币应用

明明 2023-05-09 15

最近几周,比特币网络都在追随着一个非常超乎意料的趋势,那就是数据永久不可篡改的铭文(inscription),直接写入比特币区块链。被铭刻(inscribe)的数据文件包括图像、音频片段,甚至还有一版视频游戏——Doom。

这一事件引发了大量关于比特币区块空间非货币应用后果的探讨和辩论。鉴于在过去的24个月里,人们对其他区块链上的NFT兴趣大幅上升,可以预期,比特币上NFT类似收藏品的出现将经历相似的增长轨迹。

本文,我们将探讨Ordinal Theory(序数理论)和铭文的基本属性,然后分析这一趋势在比特币链上数据足迹中的表达。

Ordinal Theory(序数理论)的出现

satoshi(sat)是比特币区块链中最小的记账单位,等于0.00000001 BTC,或比特币的一亿分之一。序数理论是一种被提倡的单独识别(通过序列号)的方法,并在整个比特币供应中跟踪每个sat。该方法跟踪了sat从第一次铸造到交易的整个生命周期。

值得注意的是,序数理论是覆盖社交层上比特币UTXO的理论概念和方法。它没有链上足迹,并且在协议级别上实际上并不是序列化的。

SegWit和Taproot

比特币区块大小争论的高潮出现于2017年8月SegWit升级的成功实施。升级后最重要的一点是,SegWit为比特币交易引入了一种分割的数据结构,这既提高了交易数据的效率,又增加了比特币脚本的设计空间(例如启用闪电网络)。

SegWit还建立了一个以Weight Units(权重计量单位,wu)衡量的区块大小,原先定义的最大区块大小1MB被每区块最大400万权重计量单位(4M wu)所取代。

SegWit升级后的比特币交易数据结构有两部分:

· 包含发送方、接收方、输入和输出详细信息的交易数据。交易数据的每vByte为4wu(与Witness见证数据相比,每vByte的权重是其4倍)。

· 包含加密签名和脚本的见证数据。见证数据的每vByte为1wu(与交易数据相比,每vByte的权重是其25%)。

下图显示了SegWit软分叉后,比特币区块的平均数据大小是如何超过1MB的上限的。

Ordinal 和比特币NFT的兴起以及BTC区块空间非货币应用

2021年11月,Taproot软分叉被激活,这消除了若干SegWit时期的护栏,这些护栏对每笔交易的最大见证数据足迹施加了限制。正是这一变化,作为破解谜题的最后一环,促成了我们现在所知道的铭文。

引入Inscriptions(铭文)

铭文是一种新技术,既利用了受限制的见证数据足迹,又利用了新的不受限制的每笔交易见证数据大小。实际上,它是一种将任意数据(如图像、音频文件甚至软件)插入交易见证数据部分的方法。下图显示了比特币的平均交易规模在最近几周增长了138%,铭文交易的数据足迹增长。

这些铭文最好被描述为数字制品,这与在其他链上的NFT不同。通常,在以太坊或Solana上的NFT是一个唯一的代币,其中包含指向托管在其他地方的目标文件(如图像文件)的引用指针。托管服务的范围从云服务器到IPFS,再到文件存储区块链,每个都有独特的交易对手风险权衡,并且每个NFT代币都是唯一的。另一方面,铭文实际上包含了直接写入比特币区块链的原始文件数据,这使它们在性质上与众不同。

这一创新的影响使Taproot的采用率和利用率分别达到9.4%和4.2%的历史最高水平。

社交可替代性 vs 协议可替代性

由于Ordinals没有链上足迹,协议级可替代性保持不变。然而,社交层的可替代性发生了改变,个体sat现在具有一种稀有性,并保留铭刻信息的历史。序数理论和铭文将有效地改变每个sat的感知价值,以至于收藏家可能愿意因铭文而支付比名义价值更高的价格。

有一个恰当的类比,就是稀有的硬币收藏。这些硬币的面值可能是1.0美元(也可以这样消费),但独特的设计、铸造年份,以及曾经的所有者赋予了其超过1.0美元的价值,至少对一小批挑剔的买家来说如此。



免责声明:所提供的信息不是交易建议,www.hao76.com对根据本页提供的信息进行的任何投资不承担任何责任。本文内容仅供参考,风险自担!

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    $0.065200
    +1.63%
  • RON
    RON
    10.278035
    $1.419265
    +5.27%
  • FET
    FET
    9.146393
    $1.263000
    -1.20%
  • AGIX
    AGIX
    4.447189
    $0.614100
    -1.75%
  • OSMO
    OSMO
    3.917090
    $0.540900
    -0.32%
  • BONK
    BONK
    0.000379
    $0.000052
    +1.29%
  • ROSE
    ROSE
    0.597883
    $0.082560
    +6.60%
  • AXL
    AXL
    5.211199
    $0.719600
    +5.64%
  • AVAV
    AVAV
    0.000000
    $0.000000
    -1.04%
  • ALT
    ALT
    0.834328
    $0.115210
    +9.21%
  • PIXEL
    PIXEL
    1.416496
    $0.195600
    +7.85%
  • JUP
    JUP
    8.070262
    $1.114400
    +44.78%
  • JTO
    JTO
    23.550334
    $3.252000
    +19.10%
  • MANTA
    MANTA
    6.119321
    $0.845000
    +12.07%
  • XAI
    XAI
    1.803208
    $0.249000
    +12.29%
  • PORTAL
    PORTAL
    2.227578
    $0.307600
    +6.42%
  • WLD
    WLD
    16.525788
    $2.282000
    +6.54%
  • ARKM
    ARKM
    15.461243
    $2.135000
    +0.02%
  • PENDLE
    PENDLE
    37.599426
    $5.192000
    +4.97%
  • LOKA
    LOKA
    1.420841
    $0.196200
    +3.83%
  • SUI
    SUI
    26.078446
    $3.601100
    +1.28%
  • MAV
    MAV
    1.398392
    $0.193100
    +10.64%
  • APT
    APT
    86.467092
    $11.940000
    +0.73%
  • RDNT
    RDNT
    0.446095
    $0.061600
    +9.98%
  • HFT
    HFT
    1.453429
    $0.200700
    +9.89%
  • GAL
    GAL
    18.408656
    $2.542000
    +3.30%
  • ANC
    ANC
    0.228189
    $0.031510
    -4.20%
  • HIGH
    HIGH
    10.160245
    $1.403000
    +6.05%
  • MC
    MC
    3.520239
    $0.486100
    +4.61%
  • PEPE
    PEPE
    0.000150
    $0.000021
    +9.10%
  • BICO
    BICO
    2.095777
    $0.289400
    +7.36%
  • BB
    BB
    2.215991
    $0.306000
    +8.94%
  • TRB
    TRB
    495.194284
    $68.380000
    +6.26%
  • AEVO
    AEVO
    2.557080
    $0.353100
    +6.38%
  • PONKE
    PONKE
    4.796077
    $0.662277
    +1.05%
  • TON
    TON
    39.656097
    $5.476000
    +2.63%
  • IOTA
    IOTA
    1.239796
    $0.171200
    +0.00%

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